“How much is this going to cost , and how long will it take?” Every new diagnostic idea starts the same way. A founder walks into the lab with something that works. There is energy. Momentum. Belief. And then, usually within minutes, the question comes: “So… how much is this going to cost, and how long until it’s ready?” It is a fair question. But

Most engineers start by focusing on the product. The best engineers learn to focus on the system. That shift is the difference between something that works… and something that works in the real world. When I mentor young designers, I always recommend The Machine That Changed the World . Not because it is about cars, but because it explains how